Ride hailing in Smart City
With the rise of the concept of Mobility as a Servicer (MaaS), the use of ride hailing apps in cities including in Indonesia flourish. Ride hailing, especially the motorcycle type is popular in Indonesia’s cities as they are convenient, relatively reliable and accessible. However, the expansion of this type of service eventually raises the concern of environmental sustainability. As much as the app offers better mobility due to the city’s inability to provide public transport alternatives, in the long term, ride hailing present no significant reduction in Green House Gas emission compare to other mode of public transport (Suatmadi et al., 2019). On the other hand, although the ride hailing apps serves the Smart Economy indicator in smart cities Indonesia with the concept of gig-economy or apps partnership with the driver, Atmabrata and Tresani (2020) argue that in the long term, ride hailing apps only contribute to worse traffic, with more congested and inefficient use of transportation.